In this article, we propose a holistic approach to conflict, delimiting the geographic space to a sub-region1, Central Africa, while keeping active the communicating vessels that derive from ethnic mobility and the fluctuation of territorial borders. The ethnic issue, geopolitics, and the resources curse seem to us to be more appropriate explanatory factors of conflict than the religious issue, linked to Islam, or the idea of “failed states”. The processes of externalization and factionalism, the diffuse and dispersed dynamics of alliances, their fluidity according to various alignments, extraversion and policefalia are only visible characteristics of State`s disorder and chaos that has not disappeared, but simply feeds, through a hybrid phenomenon (the post-colonial State), from fragmented social structures for an economy of predatory accumulation