This paper presents an analysis of the legislative framework that underpins the set of public policies for education developed by the African Union and which inform educational policy across Africa. Adopting a multilevel approach, the study begins with the normative framework established by the African Union and traces the adaptation, implementation, and operationalisation of educational public policies as they move from the international level to the sub-regional level—particularly within the Regional Economic Communities to which the selected countries belong. The documentary analysis concentrates specifically on the political instruments adopted by the African Union, especially from 2006 to 2025. The study concludes that, despite a relatively broad and comprehensive codification of legal-political instruments aimed at promoting human rights in the field of education for African citizens, their effectiveness remains limited due to the African Union’s low capacity to attract funding for their implementation.